 | Roman conquests: Macedonia and Greece Publisher: Pen & Sword (November 2009)
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In the late third century BC, while Rome was struggling for her very survival against the Carthaginians in the second Punic War, Philip V of Macedon allied with Hannibal in pursuit of his dream for a new Macedonian empire. While fighting Hannibal the Romans negated the threat by the shrewd, even cynical use of allies who kept Philip occupied in Greece and Illyria. Once Carthage was defeated, however, the roman army for the first time turned its full attention to the Greek world. The stage was set for the clash of two of the most successful military systems of the ancient world - the roman legions against the Macedonian phalanx. Though sorely tested, the legions emerged victorious from the battles of Cynoscephalae and Pydna. The home of Alexander the Great fell under the power of Rome, along with the rest of Greece, the cradle of western civilization, which had a profound effect on Roman culture and society.
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